A Symbol of Death: Oates’ Characterization of Arnold Friend in “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?”

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Nena Lawrence A Symbol of Death: Oates’ Characterization of Arnold Friend in “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?” The short story “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?” by Joyce Carol Oates is dedicated to Bob Dylan. This story is about a 15 year old girl named Connie who lives in the moment and daydreams about love like “the way it was in movies and promised in songs” (Oates 207). She is eventually confronted by mysterious stranger Arnold Friend who has more menacing ideas. Arnold is characterized as an individual who is hiding something about himself, has an uncanny knowledge of details, and brings about the demise of Connie. To begin with, Arnold is written as a character that is concealing his identity through disguise. Oates uses foreshowing through the unveiling of Arnold’s disguise, is what finally leads the reader to an understanding of the danger that Arnold represents to Connie. Oates has several places in which she alludes to Arnold Friend hiding his true self. He dresses in the same style as the kids of the day; Oates writes “Connie liked the way he was dressed, which was the way all of them dressed” (208). At first Oates wants us to see Arnold as just another kid. Then Oates’ gradually leads the reader to the understanding that something is not quit right with his feet, in one place Oates writes he stumbles “like a clever drunken man” (211), in another “One of his boots was at a strange angle, as if his foot wasn’t in it” (211), in yet another “Evidently his feet did not go all the way down” (211). Oates is using symbolism to portray Arnold as the devil or evil with cloven hoofs. He is also represented as a person hiding through the use of mirrored sun glasses, a wig and makeup. In one particularly noteworthy moment Connie thinks “His whole face was a mask” (211). The reader eventually sees, along with Connie, the danger that is

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