A Reflection of the History and Law of Special Education

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A Reflection of the History and Law of Special Education Todd Wolfe Shorter University Professor: Sigrid Read EDUC 3100 Exceptional Learners April 23rd, 2012 Enacted in 1975 was the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA), which later became the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). EAHCA is the federal law that mandates special education for children with disabilities. Eligible students are children with one or more of 13 disabilities listed in the law and who, because of the disability, need special education as determined by evaluation. These students have needs so great that modifications to general education have proven unsuccessful. The ideas behind this law and other special education laws that have been passed have always been good ones. I believe that lawmakers and the general population as a whole have the right idea. There absolutely needs to be guidelines set in place for children with special needs. Before 1975, kids with disabilities were denied a public education based solely on their disability. This left the education of children up to the parents, who did not always have the time or the money for such a responsibility. After World War II, parent organized advocacy groups started popping up. The need for a group or groups to do something about the lack of accountability to parents of children with special needs as well as the children themselves was in great demand. Groups like the American Association of Mental Deficiency sprang up in the 1940’s, and coupled with the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950’s and the Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, which gave protection under the law to minorities, the movement was on its way. More groups formed; the United Cerebral Palsy Association and the Muscular Dystrophy Association among others and before long, the grass roots movement started by parents of children with
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