“Powers & Principalities.” Commonweal (2011): 14-17.Academic Search Premier.Web.21 Mar.2013. The author explores the modern concept of devil. He argues that author C.S Lewis has perpetuated the modern caricature of evil in his novel “The Srewtape Letters” through the real goals was to set evil within the terms of Christian apologetics. He also observes that in several motion pictures, such as “The Devil Wears Proda” evil is personified less as a cosmic power battling God for sovereignty than as a small-time dealer in individual favors as the source of humorous mischief. The Devil is no joke.
They believed that such spirits came from Purgatory, the vaguely located place between heaven and hell where the “souls” of those who in life were not good enough to go directly to heaven, and not bad enough to deserve hell, went to be cleansed of their sins and so made fit to enter heaven. “Purgatory” comes from Latin purgo, which means to cleanse or purify. It was “a place of temporary suffering and expiation” (Concise Oxford Dictionary).
For example, there are certain ways in which Faustus may appear to seem inhuman, for example, his hubris; his ambition it what ultimately leads to his downfall and his desire to defeat death is what eventually kills him. This links to the gothic idea of immortality, which is almost always presented as a false goal in gothic literature however the desire for immortality is immensely powerful and constitutes the ultimate bribe, which in this case, is the trade of Faustus’ soul. There are several ways in which this may be interpreted, one of the most poignant being that Faustus’ determination to live forever can only come from someone already inhuman, and one cannot lead to the other. However, I feel that Faustus’ fear of death rather than the ambition to live forever is all too human, continuing until his final downfall in which his fear is only second bested by his pride, once again, a characteristic that is all too human. ‘I’ll leap up to my God!’// ‘Yet will I call on him.
Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1812-1852) was a famous architect and designer who dissented from traditional classical designs to favour the revival of Gothic architecture which he believed would result in a return to a much better past by the representation of a Christian style as he believed the classical styles to be pagan and out of place within Northern Europe (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p109). Pugin wanted to return to the Gothic style which existed prior to the Protestant Reformation, however, he did not necessarily consider himself a dissenter but a radical traditionalist (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p131) who strongly believed that returning to the Gothic style was merely returning it back to the English style. Pugin certainly did dissent from religion by converting in 1835 from his Protestant upbringing to Roman Catholicism as he believed he had a moral obligation to do so as this was the dominant style when Britain was Roman Catholic (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008 p121). Pugin confirmed his beliefs in the revival of Gothic architecture by the publication of writings and “Contrasts” was at the time seen to be very controversial as he blamed the Reformation and Protestantism for architectural decline. Pugin obtained his inspiration from visiting other European Countries, especially Lubeck in North East Germany where the Roman Catholic Church was the predominant style and enabled Pugin to incorporate their architectural designs into his own work.
In earlier times, cathedrals were often built in the Romanesque style. This architecture was more solid and square. However, many cathedrals in later medieval times were Gothic, which was a style of architecture that evolved in the early 1100s and describes the particular church architecture that spread throughout medieval Europe.
Holding its original 13th century Gothic base, the church’s interior and the bottom half of the façade was built long before Alberti came and completed it. While the lower half (with the four columns) was accomplished by 1360, the top portion of the façade and the main entrance was finally completed during the late 1400s. This church is a great case for how new ideas was fused with previously explored ones, as that is the purpose for several Renaissance artists, architects, writers, etc. Stylistically, the Santa Maria Novella is rich in both classical and modern influences. The central arched doorway is a definite reference to the Roman triumphal arch, however the smaller side arches and the peaked ones are frequently used in gothic churches.
Carla Slaton July 20, 2014 Michael Prior/ HUMN 1101 Research Paper Leonardo and Tintoretto’s “The Last Supper” Baroque and Renaissance are two main eras in history. During these times different methods of skills were considerably progressive, like with music, architecture, paintings, and art. Throughout these times many masterpieces were created. This paper compares and contrasts two of these periods’ greatest artists’ paintings Leonardo da Vinci, “The Last Supper,” 1452-1519 (colorplate25) and Jacopo Tintoretto, “The Last Supper” 1518-1594 (colorplate33). Renaissance is a term meaning “New Birth.” This was an artistic crusade that occurred during the traditional and contemporary art periods (Johnson).
The Chapel of Charlemagne is considered a masterpiece of Carolingian architecture and is the best know surviving example of a Palatine Chapel. Figure 1.1 Palatine Chapel in the cathedral at Aachen, Ger. The central portion of the structure was built by Charlemagne, and the other sections were built later. Vanni/Art Resource, New York The Middle Ages art and architecture was divided into two periods Romanesque and Gothic. Building rooms such as the Abbey Church of Sainte-foy in France marked the Romanesque period shown here in figure 1.2.
The message provided by “The War Prayer” is more-so focused on the religious hypocrisy and one-sided view of Christianity in the vast topic of war. The piece, written by Mark Twain, also attempts to point out the flaws in the population’s thought processes. He illustrates this by explaining how we don’t ever truly consider the innocents of an opposing nation prior to entering a large conflict. The story, “Editha”, however, focuses on how ignorance and patriotism blind a nation to the true meaning of war. Howells attempts, in his respective piece, to show how the love for one’s nation can make the unwilling die for the ones they love.
Architecture and art of the Late Middle Ages was dominated by Christian motifs and Gothic style and Christian motifs. The Gothic style of architecture and art during the late middle ages was a bold development called consideredopus moderandum (modern work). Architecture and Gothic Art consisted of stained glass, illuminated manuscripts, religious and secular buildings, sculpture, and other decorative arts were produced in latter part of the Middle Ages in Europe. The structural development of Gothic architecture depends on the artistic qualities of the ribbed vault. The Later Middle Ages saw the advances of art from the Middle Ages and emerged Gothic Art.