The next most important reason for the collapse was religion and Charles’ push toward Arminianism and absolutism. The fear of Charles becoming absolutist shaped how his policies were viewed and the MP’s political attitudes. Appello Ceasarum produced by Montagu and commissioned by the King angered many MPs as it argued the similarities between Protestantism and Catholicism. This brought MPs to call for the impeachment of Montagu as they felt it promoted anti-Calvinism. Charles’ reaction to this, as he imposed his prerogative as the Divine Right Monarch, promoted Montagu to Royal Chaplain.
The origins of rebellion arose when people in England opposed Mary’s catholic standing and were worrying over the possible return of papal authority over England, since mary’s coronation was in 1553 she quickly placed people of catholic standing in positions within the kingdom, including many positions in the privy council the most influential body within the government. This quick changeover within England is arguably what caused the Wyatt rebellion as it made the people feel anxious of the possible threat of going back to a papal authority, this can be reinforced by the following source ‘and yet thhe it be said in counsel as to my friend, we mind only the restitution of God’s word, but no words!’qhich was written by wyatts son showing us that Wyatt was rebelling to the threat Mary posed to religion, but it can also be inferred that although this was his motive he felt that this reason wasn’t acceptable to cause a greater enough rebellion to remove Mary from the throne so he says that they should use a different reason, as generally it can be argued that Mary’s catholic influence across England were relatively popular, possibly why the rebellion was shown little support. There
It was a period of intense rebellions such as the Wyatt’s rebellion, or factional fighting in court for example; Edward’s court was ridden with the visions of the dukes of Northumberland (John Dudley) and Somerset (Edward Seymour). But perhaps the most fundamental division of the mid Tudor crisis was thrown up by the reformation of the church and Mary’s brutal Counter Reformation. This leads me on to talk about one of the largest perceived problems at the start of Elizabeth’s reign. Henry VIII reigned against the background of the dramatic upheaval of the English church known as the Reformation. This is when the authority of the Roman Catholic Church led by the pope was rejected by those known as Protestants.
He believed that the Catholic church was corrupt for selling indulgences as penance for sins in that the sale was a way for the Church to exploit the unfortunate and poor (Reformation 5). The final push for the need to change was the English reformation. During King Henry VIII’s rule in the sixteenth century, the Church of England was formed. He established the church because the Pope of the Catholic Church would not grant him a divorce from his wife, Catherine of Aragon. The Anglican church had many similarities to the Catholic church: similar rituals and a bible titled the Book of Common Prayere (Reformation 9).
Each pope excommunicated his rival's followers and courted kings for support, thus starting a rift within the Church that made an already uneasy situation worse. The problem was not resolved until 1417, when the Council of Constance restored order to the papacy. Significant damage to the prestige of the papacy, however, remained and helped set
Popes were competing with Italian princes for political power and fought wars, and many clergy led lavish lifestyles. John Wycliffe An early English reformer, using sermons and writing to call for changes, but was removed from his teaching position. Jan Hus An early reformer, preaching against the immorality and worldliness of the Church, excommunicated by the Pope, and later burned at the stake after being arrested and tried. What was the "last straw" for Luther? In 1517, he saw Johannes Tetzel selling indulgences in Wittenberg, Germany.
Charles's proFrench policies led to a Catholic scare. Catholic James II violated the Test Act by giving government and university jobs to Catholics. Fear of a Catholic monarchy led to the expulsion of James II and the Glorious Revolution. The triumph of England's Parliament: constitutional monarchy and cabinet government The "Glorious Revolution" expelled James II, installed William and Mary on the throne, and ended the divineright
If he didn’t change the religion for the best interest of England, we would have a higher crime rate and England would be destroyed. The Catholic Church went from being a place where you can find God, to a place where people are executed and go against the laws of God and humanity. Henry VIII said “The people look to you for light and you bring them darkness. Amend these crimes and set forth Gods word truly or else I, whom God has appointed his high minister, will see these divisions extinct and the enormities corrected”. The Catholic Church decided to start controlling everyone in England.
Henry VIII began his reign as a loyal Catholic, accepting the Pope as head of the Church. The Pope even gave Henry the title, ‘Defender of the Faith’. This was a reward for writing a book that defended the Pope against criticism from a German reformer called Martin Luther. However, things did not stay the same - Henry VIII and the Pope had a quarrel. It was over Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
Luther’s arguments referred to a direct relationship with God and using the local vernacular to speak to the people. Luther’s arguments removed the absolute power from the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church in general. The revenue from the taxes paid to the Church would be reduced with Luther’s ideas, in part because of the removal of buying souls out of purgatory. And thanks to the printing press, Luther’s 95 Theses was reprinted throughout Germany, which soon attracted many followers, as well as many enemies. In 1520, the Pope excommunicated with Martin Luther.