Personality Disorder - People with personality disorders have extreme and inflexible personality traits that are distressing to the person and/or cause problems in work, school or social relationships. In addition, the person’s pattern’s of thinking and behaviour significantly differ from the expectations of society and are so rigid that they interfere with the person’s normal functioning. Examples include antisocial personality disorder, obsessive compulsive personality disorder and paranoid personality disorder. Anxiety Disorders - People with anxiety disorders respond to certain objects or situations with fear and dread, as well as physical signs of anxiety or nervousness, such as rapid heartbeat and sweating. An anxiety disorder is diagnosed if the persons response is not appropriate for the situation, if the person cannot control the response, or if the anxiety interferes with their normal functioning.
However, failure to function adequately is a general sign of a disorder and not itself specific to any condition. Rosenhan and Seligman (1989) have suggested some characteristics of abnormal behaviour that are related to the FFA definition include: observer discomfort, unpredictability, irrationality and maladaptiveness. One limitation of Failure to Function Adequately is Cultural issues. Patterns of behaviour vary from culture to culture, so failing to function adequately may look different depending upon which culture you are in. The FFA criterion is likely to result in different diagnosis when applied to people from different cultures, because the standard of one culture being used to measure another.
The definition of the word abnormal, means deviating from the average norm. If we were to take this literally anybody acting strangely or differently would be considered to be abnormal. This also depends on people’s perceptions as to what is normal. Normal for one culture may be abnormal for another. To look at the definition of abnormality in more detail it’s needed to look at the different definitions of abnormality.
Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology is defined as the study of psychological characteristics that often deviate outside of the norm (Cherry, 2005). This perspective generally encompasses an array of perspectives ranging from disorders to altered mental patterns that affect the normal functioning of an individual as part of society. Typically, this type of impairment is accompanied by behavior, either disruptive or of a distorted nature. There are several approaches used in abnormal psychology in addition, it is important to examine the origin of abnormal psychology in an effort to rationalize the evolution of this scientific discipline (Cherry, 2005). To understand the basis of abnormal psychology, it is essential to recognize that the individuals who make up these categories fall very far at the other end of the normal spectrum.
Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology is the study of an individual’s emotional, cognitive, and/or behavioral issues. Abnormal behavior can be defined as a behavior that is socially unacceptable, distressing, self-defeating, and often the result of distorted thoughts. Abnormal psychology has many aspects used to help in defining, understanding, and treating the mentally ill. Throughout centuries the concept and treatments have increased in accuracy and effectiveness. Several perspectives have an explanation for the causes of abnormal behavior.
So people with disorders or phobias are abnormal because they act in way that are contrast to what is normal. But what is the mental state behind how they act. Physical illnesses, disruptions or imbalances in the body processes and genetic influence.The purpose for diagnosing is to
Borderline Personality Disorder Borderline personality disorder is a disorder that affects mental health and causes major emotional instability. It can lead to other mental as well as behavioral problems. A person with borderline personality disorder usually has a very distorted self-image and often feels worthless. He/she often experiences frequent mood swings, anger, and impulsiveness, which may push people away, even if he wants to have meaningful relationships. Don’t despair if you have this type of personality disorder.
Discriminatory practice can have a very negative effect on people because it could hurt their feelings or even some types of discrimination can physically hurt them. All different types of discrimination can lead to someone not using health and social care services and this could lead to poorer health. The impact that discrimination has on everybody involved is very big and can affect people in many different ways. Service users who are discriminated against by their service provider may feel disempowered, feel less powerful or loss of confidence meaning the individual’s sadness will occur because of the feeling of neglect, anxiety and they will finally disengage and withdraw from others. The individual who is being discriminated against may feel depressed because they have lost the fight against
Describe the potential effects of discrimination The potential effects of discrimination can be different for different people. The effects can be physical, emotional or a combination of both. For example children with disabilities may not be given a chance to join in with activities due to others thinking that their disability prevents them from being able to do so. This will make the child feel very different from others. I have listed other possible effects below * Long term effects may be: * Loss of motivation * Restricted opportunities * Limited access to services * Long term depression * Increased behavior problems * Difficulty communicating * Lack of education * Lack of achievement The effects listed above are not only ones that affect the individual; they are effects that can be experienced by the individual’s family and friends too.
Psychologically it could make these inventors feel inferior and they might quit inventing things we need or they could start becoming unhealthy physically and mentally because of this stress. How might it affect the offending person or institution? The affect this discrimination could have on the offenders or institutions that became offenders would be very nominal except as in the examples below in the next question. How do situations like this