Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers at Anti Essays

Screen Design Guidelines for Motivation in
Interactive Multimedia Instruction:
A Survey and Framework for Designers
Sung Heum Lee
Elizabeth Boling
Sung Heum Lee is a Research Associate with Education and Training Resources at
Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (e-mail: suhlee@ indiana.edu). Elizabeth Boling
is Associate Professor, Instructional Systems Technology Department at Indiana
University, Bloomington (e-mail: .eboling@indiana.edu).
The purpose of the study reported in this article was to identify the available guidelines
for screen design that ,. would improve the motivational appeal of interactive multimedia
for instruction, and organize those guidelines into a useful framework for application by
designers of interactive multimedia instruction. Available guidelines for creating welldesigned
motivating screens in multimedia are poorly organized within the literature.
Two primary types of guidelines were discovered-those aimed at enhancing motivation
and those aimed at preventing loss of motivation. The authors call the first type of
guideline "expansive," and the second "restrictive." The authors propose a framework for
considering motivation in the process of designing interactive multimedia instruction, and
speculate that instructional designers guided primarily by restrictive guidelines may be
kept from discovering the strategies used by graphic designers, multimedia designers,
and others in related disciplines to enhance the motivational aspects of screen design.
Screen Design and Motivation
The importance of motivational factors in the design of interactive multimedia has been
recognized for some time, since software must be appealing to learners if it is to be
effective (Jacques, Preece, & Carey, 1995; Keller, 1983; Keller & Kopp, 1987;
Misanchuk & Schwier, 1995; Okey &...