For instance, one developmental milestone is learning to walk. Most children learn this skill or developmental milestone between the ages of 9 and 15 months. Milestones develop in a sequential fashion. This means that a child will need to develop some skills before he or she can develop new skills. For example, children must first learn to crawl and to pull up to a standing position before they are able to walk.
Physical development is usually very rapid early on in the child’s development. Within weeks of being born a baby will start to smile and respond to sounds and environments around them. By 6 months as their muscles begin to develop they will reach for and hold objects which they will also put into their mouths. By one year old they are beginning to crawl or shuffle, pulling or pushing on furniture to stand and then cruise using furniture or adult for support. Sitting has progressed to unaided and they are rolling from their front to their back.
Unit 6 Understand child and young person’s development. 09.09.13 Review A child's development usually follows a known and predictable course. The acquisition of certain skills and abilities is often used to gauge such development. Children will reach milestones at certain ages throughout their development, if a child does not seem to be achieving these areas of development this may be a concern and an area that needs special attention. From birth to 19 years a child should achieve a number of significant development areas, these are determined by a sequence of development and the rate of development.
Although all children will develop at different rates and in different ways, the sequence in which they develop will be roughly the same as they need to have developed one skill, for example walking, before they move on to develop another such as running and jumping. Development is often referred to on a timeline and is broken down in ages. As development is more rapid in early years the milestones start by being quite close together before becoming further apart as baby becomes a child and then a young adult. Ages 0 - 3 years They are beginning to crawl or shuffle, pulling or pushing on furniture to stand and then cruise using furniture or adult for support. Sitting has progressed to unaided and they are rolling from their front to their back.
It is important to understand and remember that although children usually develop in the same sequence, the rate of their development can vary from child to child and will vary with regards to each child’s abilities, gender, race and needs. Here is the typical sequence and rate of development for children that would normally be expected. Physical Development 0-1 years old: The first year of a baby’s life is the most important for brain development and the impact that it will have on the children and their learning throughout their lives. During the first month of their lives, a baby will hold its head and in time they will bear weight and begin to roll over. By 6-9 months, the baby is able to sit unsupported and will then begin to pull themselves up into a standing position.
From eight to twelve weeks a baby will lift their head and chest when lying on their tummy and there is almost no head lag when in a sitting position. Their legs can kick vigorously, both separately and together. They wave their arms, bring their hands together and play with their fingers. They are able to hold a rattle for a short time before dropping it. At this age babies become distressed by sudden loud noises and show
Within weeks of being born a baby will start to smile and respond to sounds and environments around them. By 6 months as their muscles begin to develop they will reach for and hold objects which they will also put into their mouths. By one year old they are beginning to crawl or shuffle, pulling or pushing on furniture to stand and then cruise using furniture or adult for support. Sitting has progressed to unaided and they are rolling from their front to their back. They are beginning to be inquisitive with objects, passing them between hands, handling them in different ways and looking for things that are hiding.
They are able to think in logical and rational ways. At this age they understand that others may hold opinions and have feelings that are different from their own. Academically, children around the age of six can now read and write indepently with little help and are ready to begin more complex tasks. They have a longer attention span and continue to prefer structured activities to more open ended experiences. By now they are enjoying taking on new roles and responsibilities, but still require guideness from adults.
Each and every child develops at differing rates; there development also goes through periods of peaks and troughs, right from the very beginning a child learns to react to different situations, recognising familiar faces and smells. Milestones are set to keep tract of children’s development and to highlight any problem areas. Although every child is different and the speed in which they reach set mile stones can vary hugely the sequence in which these milestones are achieved vary very little. A young baby will generally learn to hold its head before it can sit, then roll over before its starts to crawl, a toddler learns to walk before it can run, say single words before full sentences, although some children may skip some of the milestones set they generally follow the same sequence of event, although there are exceptions to every rule, they do tend to be just that. Physical development is the growth of movement skills in both fine and gross motor skills and development in hand to eye co-ordination.
Article 1 highlighted several theories of adult learning. Here adults learn for many reasons, mostly for self growth in their lives, careers, and self value. Lindeman’s principles of adult learning were, motivation, orientation to learn, experimental base, self direction and individual differences. (Linderman, 1926)The only time age becomes a factor in what is learned is when your long term memory is challenged by age longevity. As adults mature in age (60-70) the desire to learn new things and retention of knowledge diminishes tremendously.