Body: I. The Cuban Missile Crisis was a 13 day confrontation between the Soviet Union, Cuba, and the United States of America A. The Soviet Union, in order to protect Cuba from the United States invading, placed nuclear warheads on the island of Cuba aiming at the United States. B. The Cuban Missile Crisis started on October 14, 1962 and ended on October 28, 1962.
After the US discovered the presence of the missiles the US issued a naval quarantine of Cuba. This brought the world to the brink of nuclear war as Soviet ships approached the quarantine line, but at the last minute the ships turned back as part of the US/Soviet agreement to withdraw their missiles from Cuba and the US’ from Turkey and secret clause of agreement that the US would not invade Cuba
It forced President Eisenhower, who would have preferred to do nothing, to take some action. In 1957 Eisenhower introduced the first Civil Rights Act since 1875. It set up a commission to prosecute anybody who tried to deny American citizens their rights. It attracted world-wide attention and was on television screens across the USA. When Faubus closed all the schools in Arkansas in September 1958, he was forced to reopen them to black and white students by the Supreme Court.
On October 31, 1968, President Johnson announced a complete halt to the bombing of North Vietnam. On November 5, Nixon is elected President with Gerald Ford as his vice-president. (Leone 138) On March 15, 1969, Nixon found out that the Vietcong were hiding in Cambodia, so he ordered the immediate bombing of these sanctuaries, but because he was bombing sanctuaries, it was never released to the American public. (Prados 193) In May of 1969, American soldier commitment was at its peak at 543,000, also during May, President Nixon announced his first major troop withdrawal and pledged to replace the Selective Service Act with a lottery. In June Nixon announced that twenty-five thousand U.S. troops would be withdrawn and replaced by South Vietnamese soldiers.
At that meeting Martin Luther King gave an inspiring speech that spread the boycott further among blacks. On December 8th, Martin Luther King held a meeting with bus officials and lawyers. He and the MIA appealed for the desegregation of the service, but were denied. During the boycott, blacks walked, biked, carpooled(private black drivers transported passengers) and hitchhiked to get around. Black taxi drivers offered discounts to black passengers.
King was elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association. He then became the official spokesman for the boycott. -November 13, 1956: The Supreme Court ruled that bus segreagation was illegal. -1957: Martin Luther King Jr. formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to fight segregation and achieve civil rights. -1958: Martin's first book, "Stride Toward Freedom", was published.
The CIA has failed in its illegal Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba. JFK decides, Bamford writes, to back away from military solutions to the Cuban
In the early 1960’s the Soviet Union and Cuba had a very close relationship was during the Cold War where the Cuban Missile Crisis began. The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred when the Soviet Union offered Cuba protection if they gave them the ability of planting missiles there. The 35th president of the United States, John F. Kennedy, was in a breakdown when he discovered ballistic missiles in Cuba on October 16, 1962. By October 29 John F. Kennedy took action from the fear of the ballistic missiles striking Washington D.C. John F. Kennedy considered starting a naval blockade to halt Soviet missiles entering Cuba. The naval blockade became successful on October 29, 1962; Soviet missiles were interrupted from the regular schedule of importation.
U.S. trained Cuban insurgents were to invade Cuba and instigate an uprising among the Cuban people in hopes of removing Castro from power. On April 17, 1961, Kennedy ordered the previously planned invasion of Cuba to proceed. With support from the CIA, in what is known as the Bay of Pigs Invasion, 1,500 U.S. trained Cuban exiles, called “Brigade 2506,” returned to the island in the hope of deposing Castro. However, Kennedy ordered the invasion to take place without U.S. Air support. By April 19, 1961, the Cuban government had captured or killed the invading exiles, and Kennedy was forced to negotiate for the release of the 1,189 survivors.
King was eventually arrested by Birmingham police officers along with thousands of children. 10. Under President Lyndon B. Johnson the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed. He was originally the Vice President for President John F. Kennedy, but on November 22, 1963, Kennedy was assassinated leaving Johnson in charge. Some provisions in that law is that it protected African Americans against discrimination in voter qualification tests.