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"Thunder and lightning." This is the description of the scene before Act I, Scene I, line 1. The thunder and lightning represent disturbances in nature. Most people do not think of a great day being filled with thunder and lightning. The first witch asks in line 2 about the meeting with Macbeth, "In thunder, lightning, or rain?" The meeting will also be filled with these disturbances. As well as "Hover through the fog and filthy air" line 11). The weather might personify that the witches themselves are disturbances. The bad weather could also mean that the witches are bad or foul ("filthy air") creatures.

Another disturbance in nature comes from Macbeth's mouth, "Now o'er the one half-world/ Nature seems dead" (lines 49-50). This statement might mean that nowhere he looks, the world seems dead, like there is no hope.

The witch's chorus on Act I, Scene I, line 10: Fair is foul, and foul is fair." This is a paradox as well as a prophecy, where one thing seems like another, or about how things will change through the story. It's a good grasper for the readers, being so early in the play. It makes the reader think about the line to find some meaning for themselves. As you progress through the book, it is easier to grasp a meaning of this line. The theme is a subtle theme, but no with out meaning. We refer to this theme again and again throughout the play, adding new lines to the theme, or analyzing characters and events. The first thing that Macbeth says when he enters scene three "(line 38) is, "So foul and fair a day I have not seen." Maybe when the witches said "Fair is foul, and foul is fair, " during scene one, they were just referring to the condition of the day when they meet Macbeth, but I believe there was more to that.

In Act I, scene v, lines 41-42 "Come, you spirits/ That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here, " Lady Macbeth wishes she were a man. She then sees man as being cruel...