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Qualitative research is defined as an investigative methodologies described as ethnographic, naturalistic, anthropological, field, or participant observer research. Qualitative research is unstructured, flexible, evolving around the subject.

The goals of Qualitative research are to develop grounded theory, develop understanding, describe multiple realities, captures naturally occurring behaviors.

The main characteristic of Qualitative research is few participants chosen using non-probabilistic sampling techniques for specific characteristics of interest to the researchers. In Qualitative research participant observers reporting participant’s perspectives understood only after developing long-term, close, trusting relationships with participants.

Qualitative researchers typically rely on four methods for gathering information:
 Participation in the setting
 Direct observation
 In depth interviews
 Analysis of documents and materials.

The results of Qualitative research are narrative descriptions.

Quantitative research is defined as the systematic scientific investigation of quantitative properties and phenomena and their relationships. The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories and hypotheses pertaining to natural phenomena. The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships
Quantitative research is highly structured, formal, and specific to the subject.
The method and design of Quantitative research are participants, instruments, and procedures.



There are two major categories in quantitative design.
 Experimental design
 Non Experimental design.
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