The concept of Locus of control which was made by Rotter in 1966 refers to individual differences in people’s beliefs and expectations about what controls events in their lives. There are two extremes: internal locus which is the belief that what happens is largely under one’s own control (associated with the belief that one can control much of one’s life and succeed in stressful or difficult situations). The other extreme is external locus which is the belief that what happens to one is controlled by external factors such as luck and fate (associated with the tendency to face stressful situations with a more passive and fatalistic attitude). There are a few studies that have looked at the relationship between locus of control and independent versus obedient behaviour. Holland in 1967 investigated this relationship when he ran various variations of Milgram’s procedure.
The Judicial System being made up of the federal and state courts hear distinct sort of cases and are responsible for their own system but usually both systems cross paths. Both also head concerns with race-ethnicity or gender because of inequality and social delamination (Farree and Hall, 1996; Steffensmeier, D., & Demuth, S. (2006). According to an article in this week readings, Does Gender Modify the Effects of Race–ethnicity on Criminal Sanctioning?, it establishes “that female defendants receive more lenient sentences than male defendants and that black and Hispanic defendants receive less favorable treatment than white defendants.” Giving “women of color” the upper hand in their gender more so than anything and influence is merely persistent with the male gender. Other courtroom controversies arise through stereotypes, myths, and misunderstandings between different ethnicities and their beliefs and standards which can all be intertwined within the courtroom. The U.S. Constitution gives each individual their own protection rights but as seen in many of cases can be overhauled based on a judge or jury decision and their individual influences.
Give two conclusions that can be drawn from this table. [4] 4. The study on eyewitness testimony by Loftus and Palmer includes two experiments. In the second experiment, the use of verbs ‘smashed’ and ‘hit’ led to different responses from the participants. (a) Outline one of these differences.
Some features that will help or hinder communication are things like lighting, if the lighting is poor they may not be able to see sufficiently and may not understand you, whereas if it is good they will be able to see what is going on around them and also will be able to see what you are doing or saying. Another is the positioning of yourself and the person who is trying to communicate, if you go down to face to face level they will feel like they are not being spoken down to and they will feel as equal and may be able to understand you better. Also if an area is overcrowded people may feel anxious about telling you certain things, so being in a quiet area will encourage people to communicate
Although clients share certain characteristics with a group attention should be paid to the individual’s experience of their difference not to carry preconceived ideas about them. For example not to assume all Indian client lives in a large expended family or all immigrants don’t work. From a client view point resistance may exist initially towards a counsellor who does not share their culture such as race, religion or gender. A Japanese businessman may, for instance, view a female counsellor as sub servant. A client past relationships may impact on the age or gender of their preferred counsellor as it may remind them of someone in a positive or negative manner.
The background noise should be kept to a minimal level so that there are no distractions. It is important that there is no background noise because elderly people may have difficulty in hearing other people. They could feel angry and frustrated if they cannot hear what the GP is saying and they may feel too embarrassed to ask them to repeat what they said. Having background noise will enhance communication as it will make the service user feel more relaxed. This will make the service user feel valued and treated as an individual.
Recommendation Different genders clash with obscure communication styles while misunderstandings are built up more and more as pressure suppresses the imminent chaos between spouses. Males and females have a linguistic style that they speak to their same kind but creating clashes when speaking to the other sex. When taking marriage classes and improving relationships there are articles such as “His Talk, Her Talk” by Joyce Maynard and “Man to Man, Woman to Woman” by Mark A. Sherman and Adelaide Haas both discuss about the difference of language males and females talk rather than when the same gender communicates. Although Maynard focuses using pathos in her article to connect to the readers with emotion, however Sherman and Haas use a more
1.5 Certain attitudes towards a resident with dementia can also affect the way they are cared for , some people may not feel comfortable approaching the person because they wither done know how to talk to them and some people assume they are violent and therefore fear them . if a resident gets violent its due to frustration and may not be able to express themselves , this is why it is important to approach them in the right way. 2.1 sitting down talking to them at comfortable pace fior them , help them create a history book , this will make communicating with them so much easier in the future , show affection ( they are still human beings and still want to be loved ) , help them join in with activities with other residents
Diversity Issues in Criminal Justice 2600.001 Social Construction is a norm that is created by society to persuade females and males into what occupations, groups, accessories, and ways of lifestyle that are accepted and what is not accepted by society making them outcasts. There are also standard implications for racial groups that divide race into perspective groups as well. Another contributing factor is class, people from a certain class level stay within their group and it is difficult to overcome the social norm and ascend the ladder of the classes. Our analysis of diversity issues created by the social norm of the people was in the aspects of the clothing, media, occupations, athletics and literature. There is an implied social
This is also a way to show somebody that you are concentrated on somebody who is talking to you. This can also be looking at somebody in a presentation to add affect. When you are looking at your audience during a presentation, you are showing good eye contact. When you are staring at the ground when giving a presentation, you are showing bad eye contact. This is not a very accurate form of non-verbal communication because in the case of showing concentration to somebody who is speaking to you, you might not be focusing on what they are saying because you could be thinking about something else e.g.