Abstract Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is a post-modern constructivist theory founded by Albert Ellis. The connections to the counseling field are numerous but begin with the goal of helping people and reducing suffering. Evaluation and exploration into the assumptions, tenets, scopes, and interventions of REBT increase understanding, insight, and overall competency providing a solid grounding in practice theory. CONTENTS Abstract 1 Rational Emotive Behavioral Theory 3 Historical Development of the Theory 3 Major Assumptions of REBT 5 Scope of REBT 6 Problem Areas Addressed by REBT 7 Main Intervention 7 Strategies of REBT 8 Effectiveness 9 Conclusion 10 References 11 Rational Emotive Behavioral Theory Historical Development of the Theory Albert Ellis was the oldest of three children born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on September 17, 1913. Ellis and his family moved to New York City when Ellis was four year old (American Psychological Association, 1986).
Technical change is about using the skills and procedures that we are aware of to solve current issues and can be accomplished by those in authority. Adaptive change in contrast focuses on the heart and mind, in helping people with the problem to learn a new way that will generate a deep transformation of culture. It is important for a leader to understand the difference between these two kinds of leadership so as to not misconstrue the concept of transformation; treating the conception of adaptive challenges as technical problems. Arguing that leading change and one’s own survival are of equal importance, the authors identify the most common ways leaders get ‘taken out’ and highlights specific ways leaders can respond to these dangers. In the faces of danger the authors note the four strategies which organizational systems often use to challenge the danger presented by the unauthorized person who is stepping out to lead toward systematic change.
Abnormal behaviour can be hard to define. However psychologists described it as deviating from normal or typical behavioural characteristics. Norms are social rules that guide society and tell people what is right or wrong behaviour. They are usually culturally influenced, so what may be normal in one culture, may be seen as abnormal and strange in another. If a person was to be seen violating the cultural norms, they would be described as acting abnormally.
From the psychological point of view, the definition of resilience is the capability of an individual for adapting stress and changes in a proper way. In another words, resilience is the process that an individual to overcome difficulties and return to a positive state as normal. An individual with good resilience is capable to deal with adversities by turning challenges into opportunities. People with such capability can usually carry on and success before the challenges frustrate them. Therefore, one can regard resilience as a strategy which promotes flexibility and greater capacity in one’s psychological aspect.
Various approaches could have been used to compensate for the lack of personal privacy and informed consent but were not. Due to the sensitive nature of this study and the violation of many commonly accepted guidelines for research, this experiment shows to be unethical.
The theory may have some validity in its basis but the idea that it is the all-encompassing answer to mental health problems and inappropriate behaviors encourages the belief that the theory has some serious errors. Changing negative thoughts to positive thoughts can be a powerful and effective tool of change Backus refers to this change as “truth”. Changing misbeliefs to “truth” may be effective for an individual who has a normal thought process and is able to master some of the techniques prescribed in this theory. Yet, the idea of telling a clinically depressed, schizophrenic, or an obsessive-compulsive person to use the power of thought alone to change their action or state of being seems unrealistic. Backus seems to ignore the idea that behavior development is influenced by more than thought alone.
Existential Psychotherapy Counseling Theories and Strategies Existential Psychotherapy Existential psychotherapy is a powerful approach to therapy which takes seriously the human condition. It is an optimistic approach in that it embraces human potential, while remaining a realistic approach through its recognition of human limitation. Falling in the tradition of the depth psychotherapies, existential therapy has much in common with psychodynamic, humanistic, experiential, and relational approaches to psychotherapy. The father of American Existential Psychotherapy is generally considered to be Rollo May. Author of such works as Love and Will, The Cry for Myth, and Freedom and Destiny, May was heavily influenced by the writings of the philosopher/theologian Paul Tillich (Corey, 2005).
This essay will explore person-centred and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) respectively, it will then discuss some of the ways in which each therapy differs from the other and it will also highlight any parallels. Firstly, the Person-centred approach has been known by many different terms such as client-centred, non-directive and Rogerian, after the founder Carl Rogers (McLeod, 2008). The aim of person-centred counselling is to promote the clients into solving his or her own difficulties, whilst the counsellor takes a non-directive role. This approach to counselling believes that the client is the best authority on his or her own experiences but can only act upon them under the right conditions, (McLeod, 2008). Rogers discovered that for an individual to be able to express themselves fully and to experience therapeutic change, three 'core conditions' must be established within the counselling environment, (McLeod, 2008).
Organizational Career Development Intervention Summary: Behavioral Interviewing Purpose of the intervention There are several purposes of behavioral interviewing; it comes in the form of an acronym: S.A.R. (Situation, Action, and Result). A behavioral interview uses general, open-ended questions that ask you to recall a situation and explain your response. “These are designed to get at the specific accomplishments,” she says. The questions will have general themes like success and failure, and focus on topics such as persuasion, conflict management and interpersonal relations .
The behavioral theoretical approach best addresses the situations of transitioning into a new position, which would entail prediction of future behavior and situations. According to the Society for Industrial & Organizational Psychology (n.d.), “the basic premise behind behavioral-based coaching is that it is the most accurate predictor of future behavior and following performance.” The coaching process involves several areas of development and assessment. The fist area of development is the initial contact and establishing a relationship. In many cases, the coaching relationship is strongly correlated with a successful coaching result. In order to build a successful coaching relationship, rapport must