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1. a) Bulk movement is the overall movement of a fluid. The molecules all

move in the same direction. Diffusion however is the random movement of

molecules which usually results in a fairly even distribution. In other

words the movement is not guaranteed to move in one direction but the

probability that it will move in the lower gradient is greater. Osmosis is

similar to diffusion but is differentiated by the membrane's behavior. The

cell membrane does allow water to move from higher to lower concentrations

but does not allow solutes do that. b) Water potential is the capacity of

water to move to a from a region where there is high water potential to low

water potential. This action happens without the affect of outside forces.

When outside actions due occur and they give water a high potential energy

than the water will move to the region where less potential energy is.

Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure required to stop water the movement of

water. This is a method of measurement. The osmotic potential is the

measure of tendency of water to move through a membrane which contains a

solution. This occurs when a cell does not allow a hypertonic solution to

leave the cell membrane. The cell begins to increase with water but the

cell membrane can not release the solution and thus the water potential

within the cell increases. This causes the water to no longer enter the

cell. c) Hypotonic is less solute to a certain amount of water. Hypertonic

is more solute to a certain amount of water. Isotonic is the equal amount

of solutes in two different solutions. d) Endocytosis is the inward bulge

causes by incoming molecules. Exocytosis is the expelling of a...