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INTRODUCTION

Organizations are made of many different individuals with different behavioral patterns who contribute to the organization’s performance. Various studies made on the employees of organizations are termed as organizational behavior. Organizational behavior can be defined as an academic discipline concerned with describing, understanding, predicting, and controlling human behavior in an organizational environment (http://www.answers.com/topic/organizational-behavior?cat=biz-fin). Human behavior is almost directly linked to the factors that motivate them. As defined by Daft (1997), motivation refers to "the forces either within or external to a person that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action" (p. 526, Daft, Richard L. (1997). Management, (fourth ed. Orlando, Fl.: Harcourt Brace).

Motivation is an important contributor to employee’s goals and achievement. In today’s business world, organizations must realize the irrefutable significance of motivating their employees. The performance scale of employees will produce a dramatic increase due to the motivation. Motivation is divided into the intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The intrinsic factors are internal factors, which boosts the morale of employees. For example, the sense of achievement or limit of their ability. The extrinsic factors are external factors, which influences the motivation of employees. For example, rewards or promotions. The relationship between managers and employees will improve or decrease according the motivation level of the employees.



The assignment is geared towards introducing motivational theories written by motivation gurus like Abraham Maslow, Clayton Alderfer, and Frederick Herzberg to learners from all walks of life. Maslow who wrote the hierarchy of needs theory that describes the desire of human beings is divided in to five levels. Alderfer wrote the ERG theory based upon the...