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Vivienne Westwood was born Vivienne Isabel Swire in Glossop, Derbyshire, in 1941 and has come to be known as one of the most influential British fashion designers of the twentieth century. She is worldly famous for introducing "underwear as outerwear," bringing back the corset, and inventing the "mini-crini," although her earliest and possibly her biggest association is with the 1970s fashion and youth movement known as PUNK!

Mother of Punk

Vivienne Westwood is often cited as punk's creator, but the complex genesis of punk is also found in England's depressed economic and sociopolitical conditions of the mid-1970s. Punk was as much a youthful reaction against older generations, considered oppressive and outdated, as a product of the newly recognized and influential youth culture. Creative and entrepreneurial people, such as Westwood, often contribute to an aesthetic that brings a subcultural style to the forefront of fashion. However, it would be simplistic to claim, as many have, that Westwood and her one-time partner Malcolm McClaren were uniquely responsible for the visual construction of punk in the mid-1970s, though much of their work captured and commodified the energy and iconoclastic tendencies of the movement.3

The New York Effect

In the early 1970s, the socioeconomics of New York City were no better than London's. Local rock groups were reinventing music and style in protest against what had become perceived as the star-centered, showy, and elitist mentality of '60s super-groups such as the Rolling Stones and the Beatles. These local bands, such as the New York Dolls and performer Richard Hell, were breaking down barriers at the infamous proto-punk club, Max's. Hell was well known for his nihilistic lyrics and wearing of self-styled ripped T-shirts bearing slogans like "Please Kill Me." The original fanzine of the era, PUNK, was published in New York City and is credited with the first use of...