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# Inhalation challenge effects of perfume scent strips in patients with asthma. Kumar P, Caradonna-Graham VM, Gupta S, Cai X, Rao PN, Thompson J. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology 1995 Nov;75(5):429-33

"Perfume- and cologne-scented advertisement strips are widely used. There are, however, very few data on the adverse effects of perfume inhalation in asthmatic subjects. . . . Twenty-nine asthmatic adults and 13 normal subjects were included in the study. . . . Pulmonary function studies were performed before and at 10, 20, and 30 minutes after challenges. RESULTS: Inhalational challenges using perfume produced significant declines in FEV1 (measurement of breathing ability) in asthmatic patients when compared with control subjects. No significant change in FEV1 was noted after saline (placebo) challenge in asthmatic patients. The percent decline in FEV1 was significantly greater after challenge in severely asthmatic patients as compared with those with mild asthma. Chest tightness and wheezing occurred in 20.7% of asthmatic patients after perfume challenges. . . . CONCLUSIONS: Perfume-scented strips in magazines can cause exacerbations of symptoms and airway obstruction in asthmatic patients. Severe and atopic (allergic) asthma increases risk of adverse respiratory reactions to perfumes. "

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# Coumarin metabolism, toxicity and carcinogenicity: relevance for human risk assessment. Lake BG. Food and Chemical Toxicology 1999 Apr;37(4):423-53

"The metabolism, toxicity and results of tests for carcinogenicity have been reviewed with respect to the safety for humans of coumarin present in foodstuffs and from fragrance use in cosmetic products. . . . The maximum daily human exposure to coumarin from dietary sources for a 60-kg consumer has been estimated to be 0.02 mg/kg/day. From fragrance use in cosmetic products, coumarin exposure has been estimated to be 0.04 mg/kg/day. The...