1. How Do Adults Learn? How Is Andragogy Different from Pedagogy? What Is the Role of Appropriate Climate Setting in Desired Training Outcomes?

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In 1950’s the researches that were carried out to understand how adults learn, has shown that children and adults have different ways to cope while learning is concerned. Andragogy is defined as “The Art and Science of helping adults learn”. It is built upon 2 attributes: • Learners are self-directed and autonomous • The teacher is a facilitator of learning rather than a mere presenter of content Adults need to know why they should learn – the reason they need to know and how it will benefit them in order to solve a real-life task or problem. They resent and resist situations in which they feel that others are imposing their wills on them. Adults also want to use what they already know and be acknowledged for their knowledge – their self-identity is derived from their experiences. Andragogy vs. pedagogy: The difference between Andragogy and Pedagogy: • Andragogy is an adult focused teaching approach while Pedagogy is a child focused teaching approach. • Both methods of teaching are problem centered. • Pedagogy is more systematic than Andragogy because of the complexity of the students while Andragogy is motivational. Here is a comparison chart on certain aspects worth mentioning: Aspects Pedagogical Andragogical Concept of the learner Dependent personality Increasingly self-directed Role of learner's experience To be built on more than used as a resource A rich resource for learning by self and others Readiness to learn Uniform by age-level & curriculum Develops from life tasks & problems Orientation to learning Subject-centered Task- or problem-centered Motivation By external rewards & punishment By internal incentives curiosity The role of appropriate climate setting in desired training outcomes When teaching adults, "the psychological climate should be one which causes adults to feel accepted, respected, and supported; in which there
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